SK-1 / SK-2
"Shows value of integrated survival architecture and the penalty of long-duration IVA wear in a rigidly seated posture"
| Pressure | 400 hPa |
| Suit mass (1g) | TBD |
| Life support (primary) | Self-contained backpack + lunar interfaces |
| Life support (backup) | Redundant systems |
| EVA duration | N/A |
| Program | L-3 Soviet Lunar |
| Agency | Soviet Space Program |
| Manufacturer | Zvezda |
| First use | TBD |
| Status | Never flown — program cancelled |
| Donning / entry | Semi-rigid rear-entry — enables solo donning without ground crew assistance |
Rear-entry concept; pressure bearings; high-mobility target for 1/6-g surface operations; backpack KASPY
Soviet lunar surface EVA — primary lunar suit family never launched
Moon program cancelled before flight qualification; lunar gravity motion tests inconclusive
"Rear-entry and semi-rigid architecture remain highly relevant for surface systems and suitport concepts"
Orlan EVA family and modern suitport concepts trace directly back to KRECHET's rear-entry DNA
Unexpected arm growth when shoulder restraint cable failed; seized pulley caused overheating in crotch-thigh region
→ Critical restraint paths need redundancy or condition monitoring. Small mechanical hardware in pressure-load paths creates outsized crew risk
Suit inflation during Leonov's EVA made movement and airlock re-entry critically difficult — Leonov had to partially deflate to re-enter
→ Make ingress/egress and self-rescue a separate verification gate from EVA capability itself
"Shows value of integrated survival architecture and the penalty of long-duration IVA wear in a rigidly seated posture"
"Pressurized mobility and re-entry-to-airlock recovery must be a top-level requirement, not an afterthought"
"Keep rescue-suit platforms on a managed block-upgrade path instead of deferring subsystem refresh for decades"