// VAR-004 · United States

Gemini G4C + VCM

David Clark + AiResearch · 1964–1965
IEVA Retired
Gemini G4C + VCM spacesuit

Technical Specifications

Pressure3.7 psi / 25.5 kPa
Suit mass (1g)41.75 lb (system)
Life support (primary)VCM umbilical / vehicle-fed purge
Life support (backup)VCM backup bottle ~9 min
EVA durationN/A
ProgramGemini
AgencyNASA
ManufacturerDavid Clark + AiResearch
First use1965
StatusRetired
Donning / entryRear-entry suit with add-on visor, thermal layers and chest pack

Engineering Analysis

Key Subsystem Architecture

First US EVA configuration; open-loop purge via 25 ft umbilical

Mission Role

First US EVA — Gemini IV 1965

Limitations & Failures

High workload, poor body stabilization, glove effort, very limited productivity

Program Lesson
"Suit performance cannot be separated from translation aids and workload planning"
Future Relevance

Definitive negative lesson in integrated EVA human factors — still cited in modern EVA planning

Documented Failure Cases
High 2026

First US EVA physically exhausting and low-productivity despite suit functioning

→ Suit capability and worksite design must be developed together, not sequentially

// Related Suits

Same Program Family

VAR-001 IVA
Mercury IVA spacesuit photograph

Mercury IVA

NASA · B.F. Goodrich
1959–1963
Pressure
3.7 psi / 25.5 kPa
System mass
22 lb
Life support
Vehicle provided
EVA duration
N/A

"Even a simple IVA suit needs water survival and cockpit visibility contingencies"

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VAR-008 IEVA
Apollo A7L + PLSS-6 spacesuit photograph

Apollo A7L + PLSS-6

NASA · ILC Industries + Hamilton Standard
1966–1971
Pressure
3.7 psi / 25.5 kPa
System mass
201 lb (system)
Life support
PLSS-6 nominal 6 hr
EVA duration
6 hours

"Lunar EVA required not just survival but sustained human work capability"

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VAR-009 IEVA
Apollo A7LB + PLSS-7 spacesuit photograph

Apollo A7LB + PLSS-7

NASA · ILC Industries + Hamilton Standard
1968–1975
Pressure
3.7 psi / 25.5 kPa
System mass
212 lb (system)
Life support
PLSS-7 nominal 7 hr
EVA duration
7 hours

"Endurance and traversal demands exposed the need for mobility, dust robustness, and rover integration"

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